1
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri
2
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
10.2234/crt.2024.187182
Abstract
The evaluation of pen inks used in written document has created enormous financial threats and other issues over the decade due to lack of forensic databank to examine fraudulent activities perpetrated with pen ink in Nigeria. In this study, twenty (20) blue pens composed of 10 ballpoint pens, 9 rollerball pens and 1 fountain pen were extracted to conduct forensic examination and comparison using Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as the analytical results were assessed for deviation or comparison using discrimination power (DP) and principal component analysis (PCA). The DP results of UV-Vis., TLC and FTIR were significant at 93.33%, 97.77% and 77.77% for blue ballpoint pens, as blue rollerball pens were significant at 100%, 97.22% and 86.11% respectively. The PCA results of UV-Vis., TLC and FTIR formed 6, 10 and 6 clusters for blue ballpoint pens, as blue roller pens had 9, 3 and 6 clusters. DP and PCA were not conducted due to limited sample size but it will serve as a reference guide for forensic evaluation and comparison. Overall, UV-Vis., TLC and FTIR results were similar and vice versa, across samples, which gives absorption band, composition and colour spectra. The study has confirmed that pen ink examination remains an interesting area to mitigate forgery in Nigeria.
Omokpariola, D., Ekpunobi, U. E., Ifeagwu, O., & Enenche, D. E. (2024). Forensic examination and comparison of blue colored pen inks commercially sold in Nigeria using spectroscopic and chromatography method. Chemical Research and Technology, 1(1), 22-37. doi: 10.2234/crt.2024.187182
MLA
Daniel O. Omokpariola; Uche E. Ekpunobi; Ogochukwu Ifeagwu; Daniel E. Enenche. "Forensic examination and comparison of blue colored pen inks commercially sold in Nigeria using spectroscopic and chromatography method". Chemical Research and Technology, 1, 1, 2024, 22-37. doi: 10.2234/crt.2024.187182
HARVARD
Omokpariola, D., Ekpunobi, U. E., Ifeagwu, O., Enenche, D. E. (2024). 'Forensic examination and comparison of blue colored pen inks commercially sold in Nigeria using spectroscopic and chromatography method', Chemical Research and Technology, 1(1), pp. 22-37. doi: 10.2234/crt.2024.187182
VANCOUVER
Omokpariola, D., Ekpunobi, U. E., Ifeagwu, O., Enenche, D. E. Forensic examination and comparison of blue colored pen inks commercially sold in Nigeria using spectroscopic and chromatography method. Chemical Research and Technology, 2024; 1(1): 22-37. doi: 10.2234/crt.2024.187182
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